International Conference on Regional Development
The 4th International Conference on Regional Development (ICRD) “Rural Development in Urban Age: Do Rural-Urban Linkages Matter?”. was held on 6th – 7th August 2019 in Semarang, the capital city of Central Java Province, Indonesia. The conference was hosted by Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University in collaboration with Regional Planning and Development Board (BAPPEDA) of Central Java Province. This conference attempt to gather the latest concepts, frameworks and empirical practices to bridge the understanding of theory/concepts in rural and urban development practices. Thus, it would be beneficial for a broad range of stakeholders from academics, practitioners, decision-makers, urban and environment experts, social activists, policy advocates, non-governmental organizations and students. Participants are cordially invited to take a part on –but not limited to- the following sub-themes: Peri Urban Development Agricultural Development Rural and Regional Governance Food Security Land Management Livelihood Rural Development Finance Rural Infrastructure Rural Resilience
The 4th International Conference on regional Development 2019
Copyright (c) 2020 International Conference on Regional Development
The 4th International Conference on Regional Development
Incorporating Biotechnology for Sustainable Farming: Case Study on Developing and Developed Country (Indonesia-Australia)
Biotechnology within the agricultural sector, primarily refers to genetic modification technology. Nowadays, breakthroughs in genetic modification (GM) crops have expanded regarding fulfilling the food, fuel, and fiber consumption. More food needed for human rapid population growth. Moreover, the quality of food-related to nutrition content also needs to be developed. This study aims to investigate the status of biotechnology in Indonesia compared to Australia by collecting the published article from the academic portals. It was found that the global status of the biotech crop was varied in several countries. Australia was at great in the area coverage of the biotech crop, with cotton and canola as the biotech crop is grown in Australia. Several GMO plants have received food, feed, and environmental safety certificates from the government of Indonesia, such as corn tolerant insect, sugarcane tolerance in drought, improve soybean and nutrition. However, due to incomplete biosafety assessments, there are no imported or locally developed GMO plants that have yet been commercialized. Sustainability in agriculture relates to the development of agriculture. It means that economic, social, and environment cannot be distinguished apart. Besides an economic impact due to obtaining the great yield, biotechnology can play a role in protecting the natural resources by applying to the infertile land, minimize the nitrogen usage; then, biotechnology contributes to reducing pesticide usage and increasing the human health by preventing malnutrition. The challenges to developing biotechnology come from the consumer's perspective on the side effect of the biotech product, lack of government regulation, high cost to produce the biotechnology product. Then, increasing the knowledge of the society of the biotechnology product and increasing the research and development on clean biotechnology is necessary to overcome the negative concern of biotechnology
Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Long-Term Fertilization and Rice Varieties in Irrigated Rice Field
Food production needs to be increased by 70% to provide food in 2050. However, agricultural activities contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of approximately 5% of national GHG emissions. The main greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector are CH4, which is 67% of total agricultural emissions, followed by N2O (30%) and CO2 (3%). The development of food crops combined with livestock is one of the efficient carbon farming systems. An efficient carbon farming system is an agricultural system that optimally uses carbon contained in crop residues and livestock waste as a source of organic material. The system can provide added value to increase land and plant productivity, farmer income, energy efficiency, and reduce GHG emissions. The study was conducted to obtain GHG emissions (CH4 and N2O) on food crops to support carbon-efficient farming systems. This research was carried out at the Sukamandi Rice Center in the rainy season of 2013. Long-term fertilization treatments were observed in NPK fertilizer and Organic Material (OM) plots, while varieties were observed in Ciherang, Situ Bagendit, and Inpari 30. CH4 and N2O emissions from each plot in 3 replications were taken four times (6 November 2013, 13 November 2013, 20 November 2013, and 27 November 2013). The results showed that OM treatment emitted CH4 of 36.77 kg CH4 ha-1season-1 was lower than NPK treatment, and NPK treatment emitted N2O by 0.68 kg N2O ha-1season-1 lower than OM treatment. For the treatment of Inpari 30 variety emitted of 27.73 kg, CH4 ha-1season-1 lower than the Ciherang and Situ Bagendit variety while Situ Bagendit variety emitted N2O of 0.85 N2O ha-1season-1 lower than the Ciherang and Inpari variety. 30.Keywords: agriculture, biotechnology, sustainable.
Consumers' Intention to Purchase Organic Vegetable Product in Semarang City Central Java
The purpose of this study was to determine the consumers' intention to purchase organic vegetable products in Semarang City, Central Java Province. Primary data were collected using the list structured questionnaire from 150 consumers as respondents. Determination of respondents' samples is done by accidental sampling method. Data collection was carried out from July to September 2018. In order to analyze the consumer intention to purchase, a survey with 150 respondents was conducted in Semarang City. Firstly, the factor analysis is used to identify the possible variables that influence the consumers' intention to purchase organic vegetable production. Furthermore, logistic regression is employed to examine the significant relationship between the influence factors on the consumers' intention to buy. The result showed that there were 4 main factors that will influence the acceptance of consumer toward organic vegetable product which were consumer awareness, the motive to consume, consumer knowledge and consumer perception. Then, the factor score for these four identified factors was applied to the binary logistic regression and to examine the significant factors that influence the probability of consumer's intention to purchase the organic vegetable products. The binary logistic regression showed that consumers' negative awareness, positive motive to buy and age have significantly significant a 5% significance level.
The Strategy of Farmer Cooperatives in Marketing and Maintaining the Stability of Prices of Agricultural Products (Lesson Learned from Japan)
Most farmers in Japan have joined in farmer's cooperative that is Japan Agricultural Group (JA Group). The role of JA is very important in improving Japanese farmer well-being. Basically, JA collectively purchase the materials necessary for agricultural production and market agricultural products, also involved in a wide range of business activities. Hence, this study aims to explore the marketing strategies that were conducted in four places of agricultural promotion in Minami-uonuma City Niigata Prefecture and Obuse Town, Nagano Prefecture, Japan. This is descriptive qualitative research, data were collected by field study, interview with key informant and documentation. The key informants are the manager of the organization and official government. Collected data are presented descriptively. The result shows that Japan Government and JA group have good collaboration to market farmer's product regarding four important aspects: first, developing marketing centers that integrated with local resources such as Michino Eki, Agripark Yairo, Obuse Town. In these spots, farmers can sell their products fresh and processed directly to consumers and have strong power to determine the prices of their products. Second, increasing both quality and continuity of products is an important priority (freshness and use of chemicals are very strictly regulated). Third, promoting their product in many aggressive ways such as online, social media, brochure, leaflet, events, and always update information about their product.
A Study on the Utilization of Local Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomea Batatas L) in Making Ice Cream which Potentialize as an Antioxidant
The purpose of this study was to determine: overrun, water content, anthocyanin, and antioxidant content and to know the best formulations. The design used was completely randomized design (CRD) unidirectional pattern consisting of 5 treatments with four replications, while the treatment factor was the difference in the ratio of sweet potato dough to water, as follows: P1: 50%: 50%; P2`: 60%: 40%; P3: (70%: 30%); P4: (80%: 20%); P5: 90%: 10%. Observation variables: water content, overrun, anthocyanin, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P <0.05) on average water content, overrun, and anthocyanin activity. The treatment did not have a significant effect (P> 0.05) on the average antioxidant activity.
Analysis of Development Factors of Jasmine Flower (Jasminum sambac L.) Commodity in Batang Regency, Central Java
This research aims to: 1) analyze productivity level of jasmine flower agribusiness, and 2) analyze factors which influence the development of jasmine flower agribusiness in Batang Regency. The research was conducted by survey and observation methods. The research sites were determined by purposive sampling method, based on the regional potential of the district which develops jasmine flower agribusiness, namely Kandeman district and Batang district. 63 farmers were selected as respondents by quota sampling. Primary data were collected by interview based on the prepared questionnaire. Secondary data were obtained from Agencies and other Offices which are related to the subject of the research. The data in this study are presented in descriptive and statistical analysis. The productivity of jasmine flower was analyzed based on the average land area and production, whereas the analysis of development factors of jasmine flower agribusiness was analyzed using multiple linear regression model with production of jasmine flower as the dependent variable (Y) and age (X1), education background (X2), number of dependents (X3), business experience (X4) of farmers, land area (X5), cropping pattern (X6), land status (X7), production goal (X8), production period (X9), and selling price (X10) as independent factors. The results showed that the average land area was 0.499 ha/farmer with production capacity of 2,793.86 kg/annum, or a productivity rate of 5,598.92 kg/ha. Taken together, factor (X1) to factor (X10) has a very significant effect (P <0.01) on the development of jasmine flower agribusiness, while the land area (P <0.01) and the selling price of jasmine flowers (P <0 , 10) has a partial influence on the development of jasmine flower agribusiness. These results indicate that the development of jasmine flower agribusiness needs to take into account technical, social and economic factors.
Utilization of Agricultural Machinery to Support Rice Farming in Grobogan District
Government efforts to meet food needs through self-sufficiency done by facilitating farmers in the form of agricultural machinery with the aim that rice production increases. Management agricultural machinery agency in 2017 became a brigade institution. There are two types of facilitation for agricultural machinery: for a large amount of pre-harvest and harvest but the utilization is only piled up on certain types of agricultural machinery. Purpose: Analyze utilization and management agricultural machinery to farming rice. Method: The selected village is the rice production center that obtained agricultural machinery facilitation and managed farmer group combination, farmer, business management of agricultural machinery services randomly selected with Beginner, Developing and Professional classes. Informant: Chairperson, manager and operator. The research is qualitative descriptive evaluation. Method of collecting data: (i) in-depth interview; and (ii) forum group discussion. Data analysis with qualitative descriptive. Result: Pre-harvest of agricultural machinery utilization: two-wheel tractor, four-wheel tractor and water pump. Two-wheeled tractors are always used while the four-wheeled tractor is limited to land with wide plots with flat land conditions. For agricultural machinery harvest: Big Combine Harvester, power thresher, while agricultural machinery that has not been used optimally even has not been used trans planter, hand sprayer, medium combine harvester and small, multipurpose power charger and push thresher power. the best management of agricultural machinery is at the military district command with the lending process escorted since at the group level by the Village commissioner, then to the military rayon command, only to be delivered to the military district command. Loaning is done by filling in the blank, borrowing time as needed and can be extended. Borrowers bear the costs of transportation. Agricultural machinery must be clean and not damaged when borrowed and returned. Conclusion: Stack of agricultural machinery on two-wheeled tractors and Big combine harvester for rice farming. Other agricultural machinery has not been widely used because it cannot be operational is not in accordance with agroecological conditions.
The Economic Factors Affecting Food Security in Central Java
Food security is a complex phenomenon that is encompassing in many aspects. Pursuing food security is a significant issue for most provinces, including Central Java. This study considers the prominent role of the economic dimension, shown by the share of food expenditure, in improving the level of food security. By examining the effect on food security of food expenditure in the diverse economic conditions across the districts of Central Java, this study finds that food expenditure share is the most important factor to ensure the food security status. This research study uses Johnson & Toole (1991)’s methods, following Maxwell, et al. (1995), to describe the food security status in Indonesia. It uses analysis between the share of food expenditure and calorie intake to show the level of food security. Food security status is classified into four categories (food secure, less secure, vulnerable, and insecure), which are determined using two standard requirements of calorie intake, the National Food and Nutrition Symposium Standard and the World Bank Standard.
Developing of Catfish Cultivation at Lereng Merbabu (Cepogo) using an Independent Feed Aid Method the Central for Brackish Water Aquaculture, Jepara
Catfish cultivation is one of the improvements in the increasing affiliation of the Boyolali community. The main problem in catfish farming is the cost of feed. To fulfill the need for fish feed, most farmers rely on feed manufacturers where the price of factory feed continues to increase following the prices of feed raw materials. By increasing factory fish feed prices without being offset by increases in fish meat prices increases, farmers lose. The Center for Brackish Water Aquaculture (BBPBAP) Jepara through the Artificial Feed Laboratory tried to make catfish feed. This feed is assisted while being tested directly on catfish farmers in the Boyolali district of Central Java. The results obtained from the trial and assistance activities are Feed Concertion Ratio (FCR) 0.8-1 with 90-100 g Average Body Weight (ABW) with a maintenance period of 3 months. From the use of this independent feed, farmers get a profit margin of Rp. 550,000, - per 1,000 heads of catfish, is higher than the use of feed manufacturers with a profit margin of Rp. 300,000 per 1,000 catfish.
Analysis of Rural and Urban Household Food Security in Kendal District
Food security will determine economic, social, and political stability to fulfill people's welfare in a country. According to National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) in March 2018, the number of households that hold food in Kendal Regency in 2017 is only around 47.3 percent with the details that 45.3 percent of households are in rural areas and the remaining 54.7 percent of households are in the area urban area. This work is examining the profile of food security of rural and urban households in Kendal Regency and the effect of socio-economic variables on the food security of rural and urban households in Kendal Regency. This research used logit regression analysis and secondary data from SUSENAS in March 2018 conducted by the Kendal Regency Central Statistics Agency. The results showed that the types of regions (rural and urban) did not significantly influence the status of Kendal Regency household food security. The status of food security for rural households in Kendal Regency is influenced by the expenditure of food share, household per capita expenditure, working status of the head of the household, and the number of household members. In contrast, the status of food security for urban households in Kendal Regency is influenced by household per capita expenditure, expenditure on food share, and age of household head.
Soundscape and Smellscape Analysis in Desa Wisata Penting Sari
Desa Wisata Penting Sari (Sleman, Yogyakarta) located below the slopes of Gunung Merapi; this benefits the village to have diverse vegetations and animal inhabitants. Desa Wisata Penting Sari also attracts many visitors, its diversity on cultures, and indigenous communities that have amicable characteristics of courtesy. Java Gamelan instrument also plays roles in the culture of Desa Wisata Penting Sari. It is one of the tourist attractions for visitors. This study aims to identify the soundscape and the smell scape in Desa Wisata Penting Sari, the method used in this study are spatial mapping based on geographic information systems with Arc Gis software, where the sound and aroma data, measuring ranges and threshold. Observation is also done by looking at existing land use data, perception maps, and behavior of the village communities. The results of identification and mapping show that sound sources are dominated by natural sounds such as insects, water flow, or livestock that inhabitants in the village. The northern region of Pentingsari Village has a distinctive sound, namely the sound of a wood cutting machine, while the central area of Pentingsari Village dominated by chickens, goats, and cows and the south region dominated by water, insects, and birds. Human activities also contribute to the soundscape, such as vehicles, human voices during outbound activities. The sources of the odor are identified as coming from natural odors such as from livestock, moist soil, and fruits. In the northern and central regions of Pentingsari, there is a smell of zalacca, the smell of livestock, and the smell of garden soil. The South region has the smell of garden soil and the smell of livestock. In terms of sound and smell coverage, it has reached all areas of the village, which can be maintained to improve the sustainability of tourist villages.
Diversity of Geological and Non-Geological Sites in Spatial Planning of the North Geopark Karangsambung-Karangbolong Area
Geopark is a concept of sustainable regional development that has a function as a conservation area, education, and development of the local economy. The Karangsambung geologicalGeopark is a concept of sustainable regional development that has a function as a conservation area, education, and development of the local economy. The Karangsambung geological protected area in the north part and the Karst Gombong Landscape Area in the southern part, including 543,599 km2 area, has been designated as the National Geopark. The determination of this area is based on the unique geological diversity accompanied by non-geological diversity. Both of these areas are geological protected areas, as stated in Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah/PP) No. 26 of 2008 (RTRWN), Local Government Regulation (Peraturan Daerah/Perda) No 6 the Year 2010 (RTRW of Central Java Province) and Perda No. 23 of 2010 (RTRW of Kebumen Regency). The northern Geopark region is known for its diversity of rocks resulting from the process of plate subduction from 117 to 55 million years ago to produce complex and unique geological conditions that interact with environmental conditions to produce flora, fauna, and culture. In conducting spatial planning of the geopark area, consideration of the existence of geological and non-geological sites is considered. This study aims to do a description, to know the distribution of geological and non-geological sites, to conduct zoning and the formulation of policy patterns to support the preparation of detailed geopark spatial planning. It is expected that with the geopark zoning, the use of existing space and activities can be aligned and support the protected function of the area. Based on the distribution of geological and non-geological diversity, the northern geopark region is composed of 4 (four) zones with Luk Ulo River as the main zone of the geopark area. Zone-1 is around the district Karangsambung with a focus on geological heritage (geo-heritage), zone-2 with a focus on the development of geological-based agro-tourism (geo-agro) which is located around Sadang district. Zone-3 with the emphasis on developing geological -based water tourism (geo-water) around the Alian district. While zone-4 (geo-culture) with the focus of the development of geological-based cultural tourism in the district of Karaggayam. protected area in the north part and the Karst Gombong Landscape Area in the southern part, including 543,599 km2 area, has been designated as the National Geopark. The determination of this area is based on the unique geological diversity accompanied by non-geological diversity. Both of these areas are geological protected areas, as stated in Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah/PP) No. 26 of 2008 (RTRWN), Local Government Regulation (Peraturan Daerah/Perda) No 6 the Year 2010 (RTRW of Central Java Province) and Perda No. 23 of 2010 (RTRW of Kebumen Regency). The northern Geopark region is known for its diversity of rocks resulting from the process of plate subduction from 117 to 55 million years ago to produce complex and unique geological conditions that interact with environmental conditions to produce flora, fauna, and culture. In conducting spatial planning of the geopark area, consideration of the existence of geological and non-geological sites is considered. This study aims to do a description, to know the distribution of geological and non-geological sites, to conduct zoning and the formulation of policy patterns to support the preparation of detailed geopark spatial planning. It is expected that with the geopark zoning, the use of existing space and activities can be aligned and support the protected function of the area. Based on the distribution of geological and non-geological diversity, the northern geopark region is composed of 4 (four) zones with Luk Ulo River as the main zone of the geopark area. Zone-1 is around the district Karangsambung with a focus on geological heritage (geo-heritage), zone-2 with a focus on the development of geological-based agro-tourism (geo-agro) which is located around Sadang district. Zone-3 with the emphasis on developing geological -based water tourism (geo-water) around the Alian district. While zone-4 (geo-culture) with the focus of the development of geological-based cultural tourism in the district of Karaggayam.
Study of Planning and Management of Good Transport in Rural Areas
The current condition of rural public transport is not planned well, which causes the decreases of the effectiveness and efficiency of the rural area transport system as a whole. Rural area transportation is one of the important public transportation means to support the rural communities’ activities and mobility, and to accelerate the distribution of development results in rural areas. Rural transportation in the National Transportation System plays an important role as the connector from the production center (agriculture, plantations, fisheries, livestock) to the collection center, and/or to the activity center in the capital of regencies. Currently there are 17,504 villages in Indonesia, spreading across 34 provinces, which all have extraordinary potencies if they all can be developed, like in Lombok Tengah Regency, there are 124 villages/urban-villages and Sintang has 173 villages/urban villgaes. The study to plan and manage rural goods transport has the purpose to measure the production and consumption of current goods and to estimate the future condition of rural areas, to identify the distribution and collection of goods in rural areas, to plan the patterns of distribution and collection of goods in rural areas, to identify the current conditions of area rural goods transportation infrastructure and facilities and to estimate future needs, and to optimize rural area goods transport service networks. The result shows that the goods transport services shall be planned and managed immediately taking into account that economic and spatial developments in the region will generate the potency of cargo transport in the future and shall be anticipated as early as possible to create an effective and efficient transportation system. The implementation of policies to regulate goods transportation services shall be carried out in a coordinated and simultaneous manner between all the related parties involved, in which the Transportation Agency as a Leading Sector shall be able to make public-oriented policies extensively.
Study of the Wadas Malang Hot Spring as Non-Volcanic Geothermal Potential, Kebumen Central Java
In general, the research area has complex geological characteristics. Wadas Malang is non-volcanic area, dominated by sedimentary rocks, transition between Waturanda and Penosogan Formation. Wadas Malang area has a hot spring manifestation which may indicate geothermal potential. Unfortunately, this geothermal manifestation has not yet been seriously developed. Absolutely, this potential could be integrated with Sindaro waterfall as one of geotourism destination at the Karangsambung-Karangbolong National Geopark. Wadas Malang hot spring interpreted as non-volcanic geothermal system. The main aim of this research is to determine the correlation of Fault and Fracture Density (FFD) with hot spring manifestation in the study area. This research using FFD method and lyneaments analysis from SRTM and digital topography data. Lineaments analysis was processed from a raster image of ASTERGDEM 10 M by using GIS software (ArcGIS) to generate a lineament map. Regional geology and geochemistry data of the hot spring manifestation from the literature have been used as reference in this study. This study indicated that the occurance of the Wadas Malang hot spring is related with outflow system which are controlled by Kedungkramat sinistral fault as a result of tectonic deformation. The occurrence of this manifestation is not only controlled by fractures, but also by regional hydrology, contact and formation dips. FFD maps could be used as an alternative to identify segmentations lineament trends which is used in field surveys. This morphology strongly affects the results of FFD analysis which is correlated with surface manifestation in the study area.
Spatial Analisis Using Multitemporal Remote Sensing to LULC Identify, Case Study in Semarang City 1992 - 2019
Land use/land cover is one of the dynamic surface parameters that will changes. Semarang is the capital city of Central Java Province which experienced a fairly high land cover change. This study has aim to analyzing land use land cover change in Semarang City using multitemporal satellite imagery. So that the knowledge of the direction of change can be used for recommendations for regional development planning. The impact of regional development is the land cover changes, that is occur from agricultural land into built land. Analysis with remote sensing data is a cheap and accurate method to identifying of the land cover changes. Landsat imagery is data that has a long data record series. So that the data can be used to surface monitoring. Landsat image data has a multispectral band that can be used for digital analysis. Maximum likelihood Classification is a digital classification that gives quite accurate results. The results obtained in this study is map comparison of the land use type in Semarang City between 1992 and 2019. Changes occur on agricultural lands and bare land into settlement, so that the right targets in development need to be. So that the results can be used as recommendations for the Central Java Provincial Government for the direction of the sustainable development sector
The Potency of Jatibungkus Geosite as One of Geotourism Destination of Karangsambung – Karangbolong National Geopark
Jatibungkus is one of limestone cave geosite in National Karangsambung – Karangbolong Geopark, managed by Langse Pokdarwis (Kelompok Sadar Wisata). The objective of the study is to improve the economical value of geoturism as an alternative livelihood of local people in Jatibungkus through geosite development. This study uses four methods, regional geological studies, field research, geosite and geomorphosite assessment analysis, and planning the geotrail system inside and outside around the geosite. This research show that Jatibungkus Geosite is isolated hill with unique cave ornaments in geological features. This geosite is also related to olisostrom mechanism in Karangsambung Formation. Based on the geosite and geomorphosite assessment analysis, Jatibungkus Geosite eligible as a geotourism object with the highest feasibility average values in conservation values of 87,5%. The other feasibility values are economical values of 50%, educational values of 50%, scientific and intrinsic values of 41,67% and added values of 40%. Geotrail system in this geosite is integrating unique visual cave feature and structural morphology in the geosite area. This geotrail system is also integrated with other transportation routes and connected with other geosites in the National Karangsambung - Karangbolong Geopark area.
Geosite and Geomorphosite Assesment of Parang Hill for Geotourism Development and Spatial Planning in Karangsambung-Karangbolong National Geopark
Bukit Parang is a hill that is composed of intrusive diabas igneous rock which breaks through the claystone of the Karangsambung Formation at 39 mya. The process of intrusion forms a columnar joint structure that is exposed around it. The burly structure of the pole is the main attraction for visitors, in terms of geology, morphology and aesthetics. Joint column occurs in intrusive igneous rocks as well as lava flows. Magma or lava breaks down due to cooling forming cracks that are perpendicular to the cooling plane. After cracks then develop to form a polygonal plane. Parang Hill is one of 41 geological sites in the Karangsambung-Karangbolong National Geopark area, which was inaugurated at the end of 2018. The number of geo-sites is necessary so that the priority of regional development and spatial planning is better. The development of geopark and tourist villages around geosite will increase the number of visitors and the carrying capacity of the environment. This study aims to look at aspects of tourism development in terms of geosite and geomorphosite assessment which includes 5 parameters namely scientific value, educational value, economic value, conservation value and added value. The method used is field observation and quantification of the 5 (five) main parameters with weighting as a feasibility value of the Bukit Parang geosite for geotourism. These quantification values can produce information and recommendations for the management of geotourism especially in Bukit Parang, and generally in Karangsambung-Karangbolong Geopark. The values of quantification of the main parameters are 75% intrinsic and scientific value, 88% educational value, 66.67% economic value, 75% conservation value and 60% added value. The total score is 14, Mean 0.74, median 1, standard deviation 0.31 and coeffisient of variation 0.4. Based on the ANOVA test about the feasibility values ranging from 0-1, Bukit Parang has a feasibility value of 0.74.
Study of Changes in the Community Quality of Life after the Slum Upgrading: A Case Study in Tirto Urban Village, Pekalongan City
Tirto Urban Village is one of the urban villages which became location for slum upgrading by government. The types of upgrading covered upgrading to clean water, drainage, roads, street lighting and open spaces. All upgrading are made to improve community quality of life, but this was not seen in the Tirto Urban Village. The purpose of this research is to examined changes in community quality of life after slum upgrading. This study took place in 4 RW Tirto Urban Village with sample of 94 households. The results of the study indicate an increase in community quality of life. This occurs in four sub-variables of quality of life. Although, there is one sub-variable that has decreased namely recreational and playing opportunities. The decrease in the aspect is closely related to the decrease in open space conditions. Decrease in condition is caused by rob with a high enough intensity. There needs to be improvement in open space, in the following ways: improving soil surface quality, adding vegetation and increasing physical attributes.
The Estimation of Waste Generation in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan
The urban development’s planning and the rapid population growth require optimal waste service. This study aims to project waste generation in Palangka Raya city for the next 20 years in order to plan sustainable waste management. Estimation of waste generation is made with multiple linear regression models using waste generation, population and real GDRP data in 2014-2018. Based on the analysis result, the waste generation model has an index of determination (R2) of 0.988, which means that the number of inhabitants and the real GDRP influence waste generation up to 98.8%, while the value obtained by F test is 84.96 with Sig. 0.012 which means the regression model is suitable. Based on the estimated model, the handled waste in the Palangka Raya city in 2038 would be 232,379.66 m3/year. The increase in waste generation requires the addition of 31 TPS containers and 13 units of arm roll trucks in 2038 and it also needs performance improvement of garbage transport rites. Furthermore, the local government needs to optimize the performance of 4 units of TPS 3R and 43 waste bank organizations so that organic waste is processed into fertilizer and used for agricultural land around the city. The use of organic waste will provide economic and ecological benefits and reduce the volume of waste transported to landfill.
Comparative Study of the Regional Competitiveness of Semarang City and Surakarta City in Central Java Province
The study aims to analyze the comparison of the level of regional competitiveness in the Central Java province, the cause of differences in the level of regional competitiveness and regional potential to increase competitiveness in Semarang city and Surakarta city. The study was conducted in 2018. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with purposive sampling data collection method. The research results showed that the level of competitiveness of Semarang city included a high category with an index of 4,963, the highest value on the health pillar and the lowest value on the infrastructure pillar. While the level of competitiveness of Surakarta city is in the medium category with an index of 4,536, the highest value on the market size pillar and the lowest value on the infrastructure pillar. The determinants of regional competitiveness are seen from the enabling environment aspect, aspects of human resources, market aspects and aspects of the innovation ecosystem. Semarang city has a comparative advantage in terms of human resources while Surakarta city in aspects of the market. This comparative advantage can be used to accelerate regional development in order to improve regional competitiveness.
Strategy of Institutional Reinforecement to Overcome Regional Disparities in Siak Regency
The development process in spatial perspective is always faced with a phenomenon called regional disparity. Siak regency, particularly the central area of the capital city has grown rapidly, while its hinterland in the eastern part, lags behind. The reasons behind this widening development gap include the increased exploitation of resources by the capital city, rapid urbanization, agglomeration of educated and skilled workforces in the city center, high proportion of constrained land, centralization of economic activities and low mobility of goods and services. This backwash effect makes the eastern area of Siak Regency lag behind. The methods used in this research are policy development analysis and institutional linkage analysis. The strategy was carried out from institutional capacity through development scenario based on local economic development and regional cluster concepts. The result indicates that the institutional capacity in the eastern area of Siak Regency remains low. It is proven through assessment of achievement which shows that most variables being assessed have not met all targeted indicators.The scenario development has been formulated, first step is called establishment (year 2019-2023), second step is called functionalization (year 2024-2028), third step is called innovation (year 2029-2038) and fourth step is called suistainability (year 2034-2038).
Economic Growth: Analysis of Health, Education and Standard of Living in East Java 2012-2016
Economic growth is the main important thing in order to develop the regional development. East Java has the potential to develop its economic growth because of one of the most populous provinces in Indonesia. This advantage means East Java has more human capital rather than other provinces in Indonesia. In the other hand, economic growth in East Java is not spread evenly. It indicates that each region has varied human capital with different conditions in health, education and standard of living. The objective of this study is to analyze empirically the effect of health, education and standard of living to economic growth in East Java. The data for this paper were obtained from Statistics – East Java (Jawa Timur) and consisted of 38 regencies/municipalities. This paper aims to present the use of panel data analysis that use random effect model in order to assess economic growth under the influence of determinant factors. Its main determinant factors are health, education and standard of living. This study finds that health, education and standard of living affect the economic growth in East Java. Implications of the study are the increase of education and standard of living can be encouraged the economic growth in East Java.
Optimization of Marine and Fisheries Resources in Central Java: A Challenge to Contribute in Realizing Indonesia as a Maritime Axis
Indonesia has a vision of being the World Maritime Axis. Government agendas related to this vision include the development of maritime culture, management of maritime resources, infrastructure development and maritime connectivity, diplomacy and defense of maritime security. Marine resources have enormous potential for national economic development in order to realize the ideals of Indonesia as the world's maritime axis. As a developing country, Indonesia will immediately establish and strengthen cooperation with developed countries for the development of technology for exploration and exploitation of marine resources. This study aims to study how to optimize marine and fisheries resources as an effort to increase economic development in Central Java as an effort to realize the Indonesian state as a global maritime axis, with a qualitative research approach and descriptive methods the following research results are obtained. Central must be able to establish and strengthen cooperation with developed countries for the development of technology for exploration and exploitation of marine resources. In addition, to realize the ideals of Indonesia as the center of world maritime, the Central Java government must prioritize improving the safety and security of the sea area. In addition, there are several challenges faced in the context of optimizing marine and fisheries resources in the future, including the level of exploitation of fisheries resources, decreasing production from capture fisheries, the level of fish consumption which is still low, violations of IUU Fishing and high yield losses and problems uneven distribution.
Analysis Program and Institutions Inter-Regional and Health Cooperation Based on Social Capital in Isolated Village of Sungai Benuh, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency
Challenges facing the demographic bonus of 2045 require Indonesia having ability to equalize basic education and health services, especially in isolated areas. The incessant development in border areas will make the changing in community, so it needs the role of empowering social capital in accelerating development and maintaining cultural values of the communities. This study aims to identify social capital, program needs and appropriate institutional in an education and a health cooperation between regions in Sungai Benuh Village. This is a quantitative research with cross sectional design study to identify social capital, program and institutional involved. The results showed that social capital in Sungai Benuh Village has excellent information potential that provides community access to the world of education, health and fosters trust in strengthening cooperation between both government institutions in Tanjung Jabung Timur and Banyuasin District. Education and health programs are as basic needs nowadays, with the construction of bridges as a link between Sungai Benuh and Tanah Pilih Village are needed to be realized, so education and health development cooperation can be implemented. The ideal institution by empowering social capital as a strategy for implementing development cooperation has been planned. First, by optimizing empowerment at the micro level through family empowerment, study groups, community leaders, religious leaders, traditional leaders and youth associations. The second, by optimizing the power of providing information to Sungai Benuh community in preparing the changes.
Impact of Policy and Economy on Market Aspects in Regional Competitiveness in Central Java
The Regional Competitiveness Index is one of the recommendations for regional policy directions and is believed to be a parameter of sustainable regional development. The purpose of this study is to analyze how much the impact of the market aspects on the four pillars includes Product Market Efficiency, Employment, Financial Access and Market Size in regional competitiveness. The market aspect is one of four aspects in the Regional Competitiveness Index. 35 Areas in Central Java Province were the location of this study with qualitative descriptions of research results obtained from observations, monitoring and interpretation of four pillars of data obtained in 2018. The research data came from secondary data by including 35 regions in the regional competitiveness index measurement in Province of Central Java. The results of the study indicate that the market aspect has an indirect impact in encouraging regional competitiveness indices, in addition to market aspects that require policy adjustments to be carried out both at regional and national scales in Indonesia.
Small-Medium Industries, which should be Labeled First-Rate?
Having the first-rate is a privilege since it means it will be the priority above all. The common practice of the government to define the first-rate small-medium industries is by projecting the value-added of excess primary product which can be converted into industrial products. In fact, this way does not bring significant improvement to the perceived first-rate industries. Thus, this paper aims to propose a more appropriate way in defining the first-rate of industry sector from existing industries instead of projection of value-added of primary product. Using Free Disposal Hull (FDH) Analysis consists of six indicators as the output and one indicator as the input, the first-rates of small-medium industries in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province are determined. The result is, only three regions where the perceived first-rate industry are verified by the FDH analysis namely for Lombok Barat region, Lombok Tengah region, Lombok Timur region. Three other regions, namely Sumbawa Barat region, Kabupaten Bima region, and Kota Bima regions even show the opposite result, where the perceived first-rate industries are actually the exception in the FDH analysis result.
The Analysis of Labor and Economy in Central Java in 2010-2018
Employment and economic data play an important role in determining development priorities in a region. Determination of appropriate development priorities based on accurate analysis is expected to encourage the development of the region to be more well directed. This study aims to analyze employment data in general and disaggregated according to urban and rural areas and to analyze the economy of Central Java in attempt to determine the development priorities. The data used in this study are from BPS-Statistics Indonesia and BPS-Statistics of Jawa Tengah Province including employment data from the Central Java and Indonesian National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) which published mid-yearly during the period of February 2015 to February 2019, Central Java Province and Indonesian Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data at current prices (adhb) from 2010 to 2018 and GRDP data on the basis of constant prices (adhk) from 2011 to 2018. The LQ method is used to analyze the employment data. Besides using LQ method, Klassen Typology method is also used to analyze the economy of Central Java. The results of the employment analysis based on the LQ method show that in general, the categories of Manufacturing, Construction and Accommodation and Food Service Activities in Central Java are excellent categories. In urban areas, the category of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing; Manufacturing; Construction and Accommodation and Food Service Activities in Central Java are superior category. In rural areas, the category of Manufacturing; Electricity and Gas; Water Supply, Sewerage, Waste Management and Remediation Activities; Construction; Wholesale and Retail Trade, Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles; Accommodation and Food Service Activities; Information and Communication; Financial and Insurance Activities; Other Services Activities are superior in terms of the contribution of absorption of the employment in Central Java. The results of economic analysis based on the LQ method show that the category of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing; Manufacturing; Construction; Wholesale and Retail Trade, Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles; Accommodation and Food Service Activities and Education are superior category in Central Java in terms of its contribution to total GRDP. The results of the Klassen Typology analysis state that Central Java is an area that has the potential to grow and develop economically.
Effect of Productive Business Loans on Increasing Small Business Income
The phenomenon of poverty and income inequality in Jambi Province is still an unresolved problem. Through the optimization of the role of the Amil Zakat, Infak, National Sadaqa (BAZNAS) Agency in Jambi Province, it is expected that the problem of poverty will be resolved soon. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of BAZNAS especially in productive business loan programs in increasing the income of small businesses. The research method consisted of qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. the recommendations produced are: (1) provision of productive business loans from BAZNAS proved to be very beneficial for increasing small business income, but BAZNAS needs to selectively select prospective loan recipients so that they can be more targeted and their use is not misused by loan recipients; (2) there is a need for assistance, training and routine supervision of BAZNAS to loan recipients in order to be more professional in utilizing the business loan; and (3) to recipients of productive business loans so as not to abuse the loan for purposes other than business development especially if used for consumptive purposes that do not affect the development of their business. 4) The government needs to pay attention to the various obstacles faced by BAZNAS, as stated in the BAZNAS annual report to the government, so that BAZNAS can play a more optimal role in poverty reduction.
Planning of Rikrok Education Tourism Around Borobudur Area in Strengthening Rural Economic Competitiveness of Magelang Regency, Central Java
The Government as a facilitator of the development of creative cities in increasing creativity and welfare of the comunity. Magelang Regency and the area around Borobudur are the main destinations for foreign tourists visiting the Central Java region. Rikrok is one of the villages around the Borobudur area, is a unique tourism planning package and can be packaged into an educational tour package that is worth selling to domestic and foreign tourists. Data collection techniques are done throght observation, documentation, and literature books. The results revealed that Rikrok has interesting educational potential to be visited by tourists, namely making pencils that are equipped with classical / modern art ornaments, key chains, batik pottery, batik cloth, and miniature Borobudur. The potential is then packaged into a tourism planning package in the form of products made in accordance with the goals expected by tourists to be fulfilled. Satisfaction will be obtained when fulfilling products that are in accordance with (1) tourist satisfaction, (2) product satisfaction of tourist expectations, (3) perceptions greater than expectations, (4) products provide new experience and knowledge, and (5) products fulfill desires and needs.
Strong Coastal Village Development Program: An Evidence of Contribution in Development of Coastal Areas Perspective of Coastal Area in Central Java
Indonesia is a country that has an area of ocean 70% greater than the land area. Indonesia's huge potential is inversely proportional to the condition of the people living in it. Coastal communities live below the line of poverty and vulnerability to disasters. The government in this case provides a program to develop coastal strong villages to coastal areas in several regencies / cities to overcome these problems. The development of coastal area empowerment programs often experiences obstacles in terms of program mismatches with the characteristics and needs of program beneficiaries, so that the allocation of programs is not on target. In this case, strengthening the participation of coastal communities is very important so that empowerment programs are in line with the needs of the community. This study seeks to examine the role of the strong Coastal Village Development program in increasing the development of coastal areas in Central Java. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method of sample taken by taking samples on coastal areas in Central Java, among others in the districts (Pati, Rembang, Demak, Pekalongan, Tegal) Based on the results of data analysis conducted by researchers, the findings that the Program implementation. The development of the strong Coastal Village in the coastal area of Central Java shows that the three focuses of the development activities have been well implemented. The development activities are building resources, building environment / infrastructure, and building disaster preparedness. Whereas activities that are not implemented are human development and business development. The recommendation given in this study is that the implementation of the program must be supported by sufficient funds, need coordination and cooperation with other relevant stakeholders, and the need for effective supervision and evaluation.
Creation of a New Electronic Reporting Management System “SIMPLE” and Its Effect on the Quality of Financial Report and User Satisfaction within the Office of Regional Secretary, Sumbawa
The use of the SIMDA application program at the Sumbawa Regional Secretariat has several problems due to the weaknesses of the application. The weakness of the SIMDA application causes weak in control, delay in reporting, and decreased user satisfaction. The use of the SIMPLE application program is expected to provide solutions of the problems that arise in the SIMDA application program. This study aims to determine the effect of system quality and quality of information produced by SIMPLE on the level of satisfaction of application users. This research uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study was Government Civil Servants (PNS) in the Sumbawa Regional Secretariat and other Regional Device Organizations. The sample was chosen by purposive sampling technique. The method of data collection is done by questionnaire. The results of multiple linear regression tests obtained a regression quality coefficient of 0.265, while the quality of information is 0.706. The partial test results of each variable obtained a significant value (p) of 0.005 for system quality and 0,000 for the quality of information produced by the system. The value of p <0.05, which means that the quality of the system and the quality of SIMPLE information partially affect to the level of the application user satisfaction. Simultaneous test results (Test F) obtain a significant value (p) of 0,000. Where the value of p <0.05, which means that together the quality of the system and the quality of SIMPLE information affect to the level of application users satisfaction in the Regional Secretariat of Sumbawa Regency.
The Condition of Poverty in Central Java, Indonesia (Case Study in Kabupaten Grobogan and Wonosobo)
This paper intends to study the condition of poverty in Central Java, particulary in Kabupaten Grobogan and Wonosobo). The data was collected by focus group discussion (FGD) and indepth interview. The results show that Kab. Grobogan is more faced with infrastructure problems that affect access to basic facilities. The low level of education and sanitation of the people in Kab Wonosobo is influenced by cultural-influenced community behaviour. A lot of programs are not on target, it needs the strong commitment of the Government to update the poverty data. Empowerment-based poverty reduction is constrained by incompatibility with the potential of the local community and environment, product marketing, capital and infrastructure.
The Role of Yogyakarta City Government in Building Communities Adaptation Capacity
According to the United Nations Economic and social institutions data in 2011. Climate change has emerged as one of the main problems at the beginning of the 21st century. The long history of Yogyakarta City as the center of government and center of activity has resulted in demographic pressures that have an impact on increasing GHG emissions. Human activities that tend to prioritize economic and social needs and exclude ecology can increase the potential for disasters due to the effects of climate change. This climate disaster requires attention because it can cause damage and if it is not addressed it will cause a greater loss of the new paradigm of Good Governance and Good Environmental Governance in the concept of sustainable development needs to be integrated into environmental planning. Furthermore, the role of local governments in improving community adaptability on a community scale through the Climate Village Program (ProKlim) is expected to succeed in the national GHG emission reduction target by adjusting to the potential and problems in their respective regions. The method used in this study with an analysis that is descriptive qualitative, in-depth interviews were carried out to several selected key persons. Based on the research, it is known that the stages carried out by the Yogyakarta City Government by the guidelines for implementing ProKlim include preparation, planning, implementation, development, and strengthening of actions that can increase adaptive capacity in the community. Through the implementation of ProKlim activities, the success of the activities is evidenced by the emergence of new villages that implement climate change adaptation and mitigation in each village every year.